What genetic factor is essential for controlling the ability to walk in animals?

The ability to walk in animals is fundamentally influenced by genetics, which encompasses the hereditary factors that dictate the development and functioning of the nervous system, muscles, and skeletal structure. Genetic makeup plays a crucial role in determining the formation of motor pathways in the brain and spinal cord, muscle strength, and coordination— all essential components for locomotion.

Specific genes are responsible for the development of various tissues involved in movement, such as muscle fibers and neurons that control muscle contraction. Any genetic mutations or anomalies can significantly alter these functions, leading to difficulties with walking or other forms of locomotion.

While environmental factors, nutrition, and socialization can influence an animal's overall health and development, the core ability to walk is rooted in the genetic instructions that govern physical development and motor function. Thus, genetics is the primary factor that underpins the capacity for movement in animals.