What term describes a combination of a root word and a suffix or prefix to create a new term?

The term that describes a combination of a root word and a suffix or prefix to create a new term is a combining form. In medical terminology, combining forms are essential as they enable the construction of terms that convey specific meanings related to anatomy, physiology, conditions, or treatments.

A combining form typically consists of a root word followed by a vowel (often "o") that allows for easier connection with suffixes and prefixes. This structure is especially important in the medical field, where precise language is crucial for effective communication. For instance, the combining form "cardi/o" refers to the heart, allowing terms like "cardiology" (the study of the heart) to be formed easily.

In contrast, a complex word usually refers to a word made up of multiple morphemes, but it's not specific to the context of combining a root with prefixes or suffixes as it can imply more than just that process. A compound word refers to a word that combines two or more whole words, such as "toothpaste," while a root word is simply the basic part of the word without any prefixes or suffixes. Therefore, understanding combining forms is fundamental for grasping and creating medical terminology accurately.