Who first proposed the idea of ethical treatment of animals used in research?

The idea of ethical treatment of animals used in research was notably championed and popularized by Peter Singer, an Australian philosopher. In his book "Animal Liberation," published in 1975, Singer challenged the traditional views regarding the moral consideration of animals, arguing against speciesism, which is the discrimination against beings based on their species. He emphasized that animals are sentient beings capable of suffering and therefore deserve ethical consideration and protection from unnecessary harm in research settings.

Singer's philosophy has significantly influenced the animal rights movement and the discussions surrounding the ethical implications of using animals in scientific research. His work laid the groundwork for many of the contemporary debates about animal rights and welfare, making him a pivotal figure in advocating for ethical treatment in this domain. This foundational perspective is what sets his contributions apart in the context of animal research ethics.